El Alto International Airport

El Alto International Airport Aeropuerto Internacional El Alto
Main terminal
IATA: LPB – ICAO: SLLP – WMO: 85201
Summary
Airport type	Public / Military
Owner	Government of Bolivia
Operator	SABSA S.A.
Serves	La Paz, Bolivia
Location	El Alto, Bolivia
Hub for	Transporte Aéreo Militar Línea Aérea Amaszonas
Focus city for	Boliviana de Aviación
Elevation AMSL	4,061.5 m / 13,325 ft
Coordinates	16°30′48″S 068°11′32″W / 16.51333°S 68.19222°W / -16.51333; -68.19222Coordinates: 16°30′48″S 068°11′32″W / 16.51333°S 68.19222°W / -16.51333; -68.19222
Website	www.sabsa.aero
Map
LPB Location of airport in Bolivia
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 10R/28L 4,000 13,123 Asphalt 10L/28R 2,050 6,725 Grass
Statistics (2013)
Passengers 1,793,668
Source: SABSA,[1] Airport Statistics[2]

El Alto International Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto Internacional El Alto) (IATA: LPB, ICAO: SLLP) is an international airport located in the city of El Alto,^[3] Bolivia, 8 mi (13 km) south-west of La Paz.^[4] At an altitude of 4,061.5 m (13,325 ft), it is the highest international airport and the fifth highest commercial airport in the world.^[5]

The airport has served since the first half of the 20th century, but was modernized in the late 1960s, when its runway was lengthened and a new passenger terminal with modern facilities was built. The new airport was inaugurated in 1965.^[6] El Alto airport was a primary hub for the former Lloyd Aéreo Boliviano, Bolivia's flag carrier which ceased operations in 2007 and is a hub for Transporte Aéreo Militar and Línea Aérea Amaszonas.^[7] It serves also as a focus city for Boliviana de Aviación which is a state owned airline.^[8]

History

The airport during the 1960s. A LAB Boeing 727-100 is seen in the foreground with the old terminal and its iconic Inca façade in the background.

Old terminal.

The Bolivian territory is characterized by extremely varied terrain. These topographic aberrations, which include a variety of environments such as rugged mountains, high plateaus, low valleys and tropical forests, as well as the country's large size, had a negative effect on national transportation, making communication difficult between elevated and low cities along with isolated tropical towns. What finally overcame the geographical difficulties was aviation. This source of communication was very effective since some populations, in most cases, depend exclusively on the air transport for being able to communicate.

The Bolivian air transport started in 1916, when the Military school of Aviation (Spanish: Escuela Militar de Aviación) was formed in La Paz. In 1929 the local government made a project for the construction of the airport. However it was officially inaugurated in the 1960s. In 1974 the airport proceeded to a reconstruction. A new terminal was built and its facilities were enlarged and modernized.^[9] Until 1999 the airport took John F. Kennedy (JFK) as the official name although in practice this name was never used in a public way. In that year, before the pressure of different sectors, by means of the Law 1944 during the government of Hugo Banzer Suárez the airport changed its name officially to El Alto International Airport as a de facto name up to that moment.

Modernization

In 2006, SABSA (Spanish: Servicios Aeroportuarios Bolivianos S.A.) invested nearly 2.3 million dollars in the reconstruction of the main terminal.^[10] The new terminal consists of the enlargement, reshaping and construction of the baggage claim room, the check-in area and the corridor to the air bridges. The administrative offices of AASANA as well as the main hall and the international area were completely modernized.^[11]

Characteristics

The new terminal includes various shops offering Bolivian handicrafts as well as bookstores, and duty-free shops. There are also restaurants and cafes in the main lobby and in both domestic and international departure areas.

The airport has two runways: The main one "10R/28L" has a concrete surface and is 4,000 metres (13,123 ft) long, allowing large aircraft operations at higher altitudes. A second runway, "10L/28R" is located parallel to the main runway and has a grass surface. The airport is equipped with VOR/DME, DVOR/DME navigation systems, as well as ILS CAT I approach systems.

El Alto is the world's highest international airport, located at 4,062 metres (13,327 ft) above sea level. The average temperature at the airport is 6 °C (43 °F). Because of the thin high altitude air, most commercial wide-body aircraft such as the Boeing 747 and Airbus A330 cannot operate out of El Alto International Airport. As a result, much of the international traffic to and from Bolivia operates out of Viru Viru International Airport in Santa Cruz de la Sierra which is located at a much lower altitude, allowing heavy aircraft operations.

Flight Testings

As one of the world's highest altitude international airport, El Alto offers unique features that aircraft manufacturers such as Airbus and Boeing take advantage of to test high-altitude and cold weather flights. Modern aircraft such as the Airbus A350 XWB and Boeing 787 have visited El Alto to perform flight tests for their certification processes.^[12][13]

Operators

From 1997, the airport was managed by TBI plc which owned concessions of the three biggest airports in the country: El Alto International Airport, Jorge Wilstermann International Airport and Viru Viru International Airport through its subsidiary Servicio de Aeropuertos Bolivianos S.A. (SABSA). In 1999 Airport Group International was purchased by TBI plc. In 2004, the company was acquired by the Spanish conglomerate Abertis, hence taking ownership of SABSA. In February 2013, the Government of Bolivia announced the nationalization of SABSA, taking full ownership and operations of Bolivia's main international gateways.^[14][15]

Airlines and destinations

The new terminal is used for both domestic and international flights.

Domestic departures and waiting area in the old terminal.

Notes: