(N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosylglucosylceramide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase

(N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosylglucosylceramide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
Identifiers
EC number 2.4.1.92
CAS number 67338-98-1
Databases
IntEnz IntEnz view
BRENDA BRENDA entry
ExPASy NiceZyme view
KEGG KEGG entry
MetaCyc metabolic pathway
PRIAM profile
PDB structures RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum

(N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosylglucosylceramide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.92, uridine diphosphoacetylgalactosamine-ganglioside GM3 acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, ganglioside GM2 synthase, ganglioside GM3 acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, GM2 synthase, UDP acetylgalactosamine-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-D-galactosyl-D-glucosylceramide acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:1-O-[O-(N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl)-(2->3)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide 1,4-beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine GM3 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, uridine diphosphoacetylgalactosamine-acetylneuraminylgalactosylglucosylceramide acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, uridine diphosphoacetylgalactosamine-hematoside acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, GM2/GD2-synthase, beta-1,4N-aetylgalactosaminyltransferase, asialo-GM2 synthase, GalNAc-T, UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:(N-acetylneuraminyl)-D-galactosyl-D-glucosylceramide N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase) is an enzyme with systematic name UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:1-O-(O-(N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl)-(2->3)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-ceramide 4-beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + 1-O-[O-(N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl)-(2->3)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide UDP + 1-O-[O-2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-O-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)]-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide

This enzyme catalyses the formation of the gangliosides (i.e. sialic-acid-containing glycosphingolipids) GM2, GD2 and SM2 from GM3, GD3 and SM3, respectively.

References

  1. ↑ Dicesare, J.L.; Dain, J.A. (1971). "The enzymic synthesis of ganglioside. IV. UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine: (N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosylglucosyl ceramide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase in rat brain". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 231: 385–393. doi:10.1016/0005-2760(71)90151-2. PMID 5554906.
  2. ↑ Pohlentz, G.; Klein, D.; Schwarzmann, G.; Schmitz, D.; Sandhoff, K. (1988). "Both GA2, GM2, and GD2 synthases and GM1b, GD1a, and GT1b synthases are single enzymes in Golgi vesicles from rat liver". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85: 7044–7048. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.19.7044. PMID 3140234.
  3. ↑ Kazuya, I.-P.; Hidari, J.K.; Ichikawa, S.; Furukawa, K.; Yamasaki, M.; Hirabayashi, Y. (1994). "β1-4N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase can synthesize both asialoglycosphingolipid GM2 and glycosphingolipid GM2 in vitro and in vivo: isolation and characterization of a β1-4N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase cDNA clone from rat ascites hepatoma cell line AH7974F". Biochem. J. 303: 957–965. PMID 7980468.
  4. ↑ Hashimoto, Y.; Sekine, M.; Iwasaki, K.; Suzuki, A. (1993). "Purification and characterization of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine GM3/GD3 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from mouse liver". J. Biol. Chem. 268: 25857–25864. PMID 8245020.
  5. ↑ Nagai, K.; Ishizuka, I. (1987). "Biosynthesis of monosulfogangliotriaosylceramide and GM2 by N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from rat brain". J. Biochem. (Tokyo). 101: 1115–1127. PMID 3115968.
  6. ↑ Furukawa, K.; Takamiya, K.; Furukawa, K. (2002). "β1,4-N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase—GM2/GD2 synthase: a key enzyme to control the synthesis of brain-enriched complex gangliosides". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1573: 356–362. doi:10.1016/s0304-4165(02)00403-8. PMID 12417418.
  7. ↑ Yamashita, T.; Wu, Y.P.; Sandhoff, R.; Werth, N.; Mizukami, H.; Ellis, J.M.; Dupree, J.L.; Geyer, R.; Sandhoff, K.; Proia, R.L. (2005). "Interruption of ganglioside synthesis produces central nervous system degeneration and altered axon-glial interactions". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 102: 2725–2730. doi:10.1073/pnas.0407785102. PMID 15710896.

External links

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